Rugrats Conspiracy Theory All the Babies Are Dead
The 13 biggest conspiracy theories
Conspiracy. Just proverb the word in conversation tin make people politely edge away, looking for someone who won't corner them with wild theories nearly how Elvis, John F. Kennedy and Bigfoot are cryogenically frozen in an hugger-mugger bunker.
Yet conspiracies exercise exist. In the corporate world, major companies we buy products from everyday have been found guilty of conspiring to gear up prices and reduce competition. Only about any planned criminal act committed past more than one person could be considered a conspiracy, from simple murder-for-rent to the Watergate break-in.
Many conspiracy theorists become much further, though, and they run into a subconscious mitt backside the world'due south major events. Conspiracy theories are ofttimes very difficult to dislodge: Some may incorporate grains of truth or feed an emotional need for believers. And hardcore believers are adept at rationalizing abroad evidence that contradicts their beliefs. Eyewitnesses who dispute their conclusions are mistaken — or part of the conspiracy.
The truth, yet, is out there …
The 9/11 Conspiracies
The evidence is overwhelming that the terrorist attacks of Sept. 11, 2001, were indeed the result of a conspiracy: a conspiracy of Osama bin Laden and a crew of mostly Saudi hijackers.
This is too uncomplicated for some, though. Conspiracy theorists have a variety of much more complex explanations for what happened at the Earth Trade Center and Pentagon that solar day, oftentimes involving insider knowledge by President George Bush, Vice President Dick Cheney and peak Bush-league advisors.
Often these conspiracy theories rely on anti-Semetic tropes, such every bit the attacks being orchestrated by Israel. Many claim that because "jet fuel can't melt steel beams," the Twin Towers must have been brought down by controlled sabotage from bombs planted before the planes hit. (A 2006 NOVA documentary debunked these claims. It is, in fact, quite possible for the columns property upwards skyscrapers to fail catastrophically when exposed to fires burning on multiple floors.)
Other claims are refuted by simple logic: If a hijacked aeroplane did not crash into the Pentagon, as is frequently claimed, then where is Flight 77 and its passengers? Are they with the Roswell aliens at Hangar 18? In many conspiracy theories, bureaucratic incompetence is often mistaken for conspiracy. Our government is and then efficient, knowledgeable and capable — and then the reasoning goes — that it could not perchance take botched the task then desperately in detecting the plot ahead of time or responding to the attacks.
Princess Diana's murder
Within hours of Princess Diana's decease on Aug. 31, 1997, in a Paris highway tunnel, conspiracy theories swirled. As was the case with the death of John F. Kennedy, the idea that such a love and high-profile figure could exist killed so suddenly was a daze. This was especially true of Princess Diana: Royalty die of sometime age, political intrigue or eating too much rich food; they don't go killed by a common boozer driver.
Unlike many conspiracy theories, though, this ane had a billionaire promoting it: Mohamed Al-Fayed, the begetter of Dodi Al-Fayed, who was killed along with Diana. Al-Fayed claims that the blow was in fact an assassination by British intelligence agencies, at the asking of the Majestic Family. Al-Fayed's claims were examined and dismissed equally baseless past a 2006 inquiry; the post-obit year, at Diana'south inquest, the coroner stated that "The conspiracy theory avant-garde past Mohamed Al Fayed has been minutely examined and shown to be without whatsoever substance." On April 7, 2008, the coroner's jury concluded that Diana and Al-Fayed were unlawfully killed due to negligence by their drunken chauffeur and pursuing paparazzi, The New York Times reported.
Subliminal advertising
Always been watching a motion picture and of a sudden get the munchies? Or sitting on your sofa watching Tv and suddenly get the irresistible urge to buy a new machine? If so, yous may be the victim of a subliminal advertising conspiracy! Proponents of this conspiracy theory include Wilson Bryan Key (author of "Subliminal Seduction") and Vance Packard (writer of "The Subconscious Persuaders"), both of whom claimed that subliminal (subconscious) messages in advertising were rampant and damaging. Though the books caused a public outcry and led to FCC hearings, much of both books accept since been discredited, and several cardinal "studies" of the effects of subliminal advertizing were revealed to take been faked.
In the 1980s, business organisation over subliminal messages spread to bands such equally Styx and Judas Priest, with the latter band even existence sued in 1990 for allegedly causing a teen's suicide with subliminal messages (the case was dismissed). Subliminal mental processing does be, and can be tested. But just because a person perceives something (a message or advertisement, for example) subconsciously means very piddling past itself. There is no inherent benefit of subliminal advertising over regular advert, any more than there would be in seeing a flash of a commercial instead of the full 20 seconds. Getting a person to see something for a carve up-2nd is easy; filmmakers do it all the time (picket the terminal few frames in Hitchcock'south classic "Psycho"). Getting a person to buy or exercise something based on that split-2d is another affair entirely.
Moon landing hoax
NASA landed astronauts on the moon in 1969. By the 1970s, a bizarre conspiracy emerged — that the moon landing never happened.
The conspiracy was described in a 1976 self-published book, "We Never Went to the Moon: America'southward Thirty Billion Dollar Swindle," and a 1978 moving picture, "Capricorn One." Even every bit late as 2001, there was a Fox documentary, "Conspiracy Theory: Did Nosotros Land on the Moon?" that gave air fourth dimension to the claims that the whole Apollo moon-landing program was faked.
In that location are plenty of debunkings of the diverse moon hoax claims , and then in that location's the event of the hundreds of pounds of moon rocks that accept been studied around the world and verified as being of extraterrestrial origin. How did NASA get the rocks if not during a moon landing? Why would scientists from effectually the globe willingly participate in the American space agency's hoax?
Many astronauts have been offended by the implication that they faked their accomplishments. In 2002, when conspiracy theorist Bart Sibrel confronted Buzz Aldrin and chosen him a "coward and a liar" for faking the moon landings, the and then 72-year-old punched Sibrel in the jaw.
Paul McCartney's death
Paul McCartney is not expressionless. Until mid-2019, he was still touring, in fact, and he probably however would exist if the coronavirus pandemic hadn't canceled his gigs. He gives interviews, he has a website, he occasionally appears in the tabloids.
Pretty expert for a guy that some conspiracy theorists remember died in 1966.
The "Paul is dead" conspiracy goes something like this: On November. 9, 1966, Paul McCartney got into an argument with the other Beatles, stormed out of the studio and was promptly decapitated in a car blow. To embrace the whole thing up, the band hired a look-alike (and sound-alike).
After going through all this trouble, though, the band and then took great pains to drop clues in their album covers and lyrics to hint to the public that something was amiss. For example, on the cover of the Abbey Road album, all four Beatles are photographed striding across a zebra crossing, but but McCartney is barefoot and out of step with the other iii. This must mean something, correct? Despite public denials by the band (and many, many public appearances past McCartney), fans couldn't just allow it exist, and came together to wait for more clues.
John F. Kennedy's assassination
John F. Kennedy was shot in 1963 in a Dallas motorcade. But did Lee Harvey Oswald act lonely? Or was at that place a second gunman on the grassy knoll?
These questions are the gateway to a vast arena of conspiracy theories that have spawned countless speculation and hundreds of books, articles and films. Information technology didn't assistance that Lee Harvey Oswald was murdered in the basement of Dallas Law Headquarters while surrounded by law officers only two days after the assassination — and by a guy with ties to the Mob. The whole matter stunk, people figured.
Enough of shadowy culprits have been suggested as the masterminds of the Kennedy assassination: Fidel Castro'southward government, or possibly anti-Castro activists, or organized criminal offence, or the CIA, or Vice President Lyndon Johnson, or … Well, the affair virtually presidents is, it turns out, they have a lot of enemies. The Warren Commission study, produced by the official investigation into Kennedy's death, found no evidence of overarching conspiracies, though plenty of theories notwithstanding flourish.
Roswell crash & cover-up
There is one fact that almost all skeptics and believers agree on: Something crashed on a remote ranch outside of Roswell, New Mexico in 1947. The government at commencement claimed information technology was some sort of saucer, and then retracted the statement and claimed it was really a weather condition balloon. Yet the best evidence suggests that it was neither a flying saucer nor a weather balloon, but instead a high-altitude, superlative-undercover war machine balloon dubbed Project Mogul.
Equally it turns out, descriptions of the wreckage starting time reported past the original eyewitnesses very closely friction match photos of the Project Mogul balloons, downwardly to the silvery terminate and strange symbols on its side. The stories near crashed alien bodies did non surface until decades subsequently and in fact no ane considered the Roswell crash as anything extraterrestrial or unusual until thirty years after, when a book on the topic was published. At that place was indeed a cover-up, but it did not hibernate a crashed saucer. Instead, it hid a Cold War-era spying program.
Protocols of the Elders of Zion
"The Protocols of the Learned Elders of Zion" is a hoaxed antisemitic book that purported to reveal a Jewish conspiracy to achieve world domination. It get-go appeared in Russia in 1905, and described how Christians' morality, finances, and health would be targeted by a pocket-size group of powerful Jews. The antisemitic idea that there is a Jewish conspiracy is goose egg new, of course, and has been repeated by many prominent people including Henry Ford and Mel Gibson. In 1920, Henry Ford paid to take half a million copies of "The Protocols of the Elders of Zion" published, and in the 1930s, the volume was used past the Nazis equally justification for its genocide against Jews (in fact, Adolf Hitler referred to the "Protocols" in his volume "Mein Kampf").
Though the book has been completely discredited equally a hoax and forgery, it is still in print and remains widely circulated around the world.
The Satanic panic
For years during the 1980s and 1990s, America became convinced that an underground network of Satanists was working together to kidnap, torture and corruption children. None of it was real, but the conspiracy theories destroyed lives and livelihoods.
The pinnacle was Geraldo Rivera's infamous NBC special "Devil Worship: Exposing Satan'due south Undercover," which aired on Oct. 28, 1988. Rivera relied on self-proclaimed "Satanism experts," misleading and inaccurate statistics, crimes with only tenuous links to Satanism, and sensationalized media reports. It was the almost-viewed documentary in television history. "There are over one 1000000 Satanists in this land," Rivera said, adding that "The odds are, [they] are in your town."
The panic grew out of the idea that memories of abuse were often repressed and could be recovered with the help of hypnosis and a therapist. This idea was popularized in the 1980 book "Michelle Remembers," co-written past a Canadian psychiatrist and the patient he eventually married (ethics red flag), in which the eponymous Michelle recovers memories of supposed ritual Satanic abuse conducted by her mother.
In 1983, the panic exploded with the McMartin preschool trial, in which a California parent accused daycare owners of sexually abusing her son. Police then sent a letter of the alphabet to parents warning that their children may have been abused, urging the parents to inquire what turned out to be leading questions to a agglomeration of suggestible preschoolers. Farther questioning past authorities continued in this vein, yielding alleged eyewitness accounts by children of networks of secret tunnels and witches flight through the air.
After seven years, the daycare owners were somewhen acquitted or had the charges dismissed. One was jailed for 5 years while awaiting trials and retrials. In the meantime, like accusations spread through daycares effectually the country. Virtually were spurred on past now-discredited methods of questioning small children, methods that often led to children making sensational accusations because they wanted to please the authority figures questioning them.
In a 1992 report on ritual crime, FBI agent Kenneth Lanning concluded that the rampant rumors around ritual Satanism were unfounded. Phillips Stevens, Jr., associate professor of anthropology at the State University of New York at Buffalo, said that the widespread allegations of crimes past Satanists "constitute the greatest hoax perpetrated upon the American people in the twentieth century."
Chemtrails
As airplanes travel, they leave behind them long h2o condensation trails called contrails. These cloud-like tracks dissipate chop-chop.
But to some conspiracy theorists, these condensation trails are much more nefarious. The "Chemtrails" conspiracy theory holds that condensation trails are full of other chemicals that scientists and governments are seeding into the atmosphere. Why? Option your reason. It might be biological warfare or population control or geoengineering or an attempt to manipulate the weather.
Researchers who study things similar clouds' impact on global temperatures are often harassed by Chemtrails believers, who think they're function of a large-calibration conspiracy to secretly spray unknown chemicals into the atmosphere, according to Harvard University's David Keith. A 2016 study even debunked chemtrails scientifically, finding no evidence of unusual contrails or unexplained contamination in the environment. But true believers aren't swayed, as The Guardian reported in 2017.
Barack Obama birtherism
Some conspiracies, similar chemtrails, percolate in the background of certain communities, never actually penetrating the larger public. Others have big impacts. The Barack Obama birtherism conspiracy is i of the latter.
Barack Obama, the 44th president of the United States, was born in 1961 in Honolulu, Hawaii. But as soon as Obama began his campaign for president in 2008, "birthers" began to circulate the conspiracy theory that Obama had actually been born in Republic of kenya, the country of his male parent. They argued that this meant Obama was non "a natural-born citizen of the U.Southward." — fifty-fifty though his mother was an American citizen — and thus he could non be president.
Nevermind that there were announcements of Obama'southward nascence in the Honolulu paper, or that friends of Obama'south mother remembered the twenty-four hours she went into labor. To gainsay the conspiracies, Obama not only had to release a copy of his nascency certificate in 2008, he had to follow up with a release of the original "long form" document in 2011, contrary to the hospital's usual policy of issuing reckoner copies of nascency certificates as acceptable identification.
The 2011 release reduced the number of Americans who believed in birtherism, co-ordinate to Gallup polling. Just many conservative political activists and pundits raised their profiles by advocating for birtherism. Amidst them? Donald Trump, who was at the fourth dimension the soon-to-be-president.
COVID and 5G
Probably no issue since ix/11 has spawned more than conspiratorial thinking than the COVID-19 pandemic. At that place are conspiracies well-nigh the origin of the virus besides as basically every regime's reactions. Many people even believe doctors are lying about COVID-related deaths, blaming the virus for deaths with other causes. A distrust of "Big Pharma," fomented for years by "culling medicine" advocates like Kevin Trudeau (bestselling author of "Natural Cures They Don't Want Y'all To Know Nigh" — a textbook conspiratorial championship if in that location ever was i), have too fed into conspiracies well-nigh medical treatment and vaccination.
I of the odder conspiracies mixes long-standing fears of 5G wireless technology with fears most the virus. According to the COVID 5G conspiracy, electromagnetic frequencies from cell phone towers undermine the immune system, making people sick with COVID, researchers reported in 2020 in the periodical Media International Australia. Some other conspiracy theory claims that the COVID-xix vaccines incorporate tracking chips that connect to 5G networks so that the regime, or perchance billionaire and vaccine philanthropist Bill Gates, can surveille everyone's movements.
Every bit CNBC points out, 5G chips are too large to fit through a vaccine syringe, and even the smallest RFID chips that could fit crave a power source that couldn't make the squeeze.
Birds aren't real
When is a conspiracy not a conspiracy? When it'southward an elaborate piece of performance art.
Or… does that get in even more of a conspiracy theory?
The Birds Aren't Real conspiracy is a movement developed past Peter McIndoe, 23, who started spreading the idea in 2017. Until a December 2021 interview in the New York Times, McIndoe stayed in-graphic symbol as a true laic, insisting in media interviews and online that birds aren't real, just rather they are surveillance drones made by the U.S. government. Birds Aren't Real has a staff; it has organized real-life protests; it bought existent-life billboards; and it emblazoned vans with their claim. The goal, says McIndoe, is to parody the misinformation that Gen Z finds itself stewing in.
"Birds Aren't Real is non a shallow satire of conspiracies from the outside. It is from the deep within," he told The New York Times. "A lot of people in our generation experience the lunacy in all this, and Birds Aren't Real has been a fashion for people to process that."
The experiment revealed that conspiracies sometimes abound by credulity: Local media sometimes reported on Birds Aren't Existent as if information technology was something young people really believed rather than an elaborate joke. Birds Aren't Real organizers hope the joke will become a force for good by exposing all the means misinformation thrives.
"Yes, we have been intentionally spreading misinformation for the by four years, only it's with a purpose," McIndoe said. "It's about belongings upward a mirror to America in the cyberspace age."
Originally published on Live Science.
Source: https://www.livescience.com/11375-top-ten-conspiracy-theories.html
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